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array (PHP 3, PHP 4 ) array --
Crée un tableau
Descriptionarray array ( [mixed ...])
array() retourne un tableau créé avec les
paramètres passés. On peut attribuer un index particulier
à une valeur avec l'opérateur =?>.
Note :
array() est un élément de langage
utilisé pour représenter des tableaux litéraux,
et non pas une fonction au sens strict du terme.
La syntaxe "index => valeur", séparée par des virgules,
définit les index et leur valeur. Un index peut être une
chaîne ou un nombre. Si l'index est omis, un index numérique
sera automatiquement généré (commençant à
0). Si l'index est un entier, le prochain index généré
prendra la valeur d'index la plus grande + 1. Notez que si deux index
identiques sont définis, le dernier remplacera le premier.
L'exemple suivant montre comment créer un tableau à deux dimensions,
comment spécifier les index d'un tableau associatif, et comment
générer automatiquement des index numériques.
Exemple 1. Exemple avec array() <?php
$fruits = array (
"fruits" => array ("a" => "orange", "b" => "banane", "c" => "pomme"),
"numbres" => array (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6),
"trous" => array ("premier", 5 => "deuxième", "troisième")
);
?> |
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Exemple 2. Index automatique d'un tableau avec array() <?php
$array = array( 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 8=>1, 4=>1, 19, 3=>13);
print_r($array);
?> |
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qui affichera :
Notez bien que l'index '3' est défini deux fois, et conserve finalement
sa dernière valeur de 13. L'index '4' est défini après
l'index '8', et l'index généré suivant (valeur 19) est
9, puisque le plus grand index est alors 8.
Cet exemple crée un tableau dont les index commencent à 1.
Exemple 3. Tableau d'index commençant à 1 <?php
$firstquarter = array(1 => 'Janvier', 'Février', 'Mars');
print_r($firstquarter);
?> |
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qui affichera :
Voir aussi
list().
User Contributed Notes
array |
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baghera at mindspring dot com
12-Oct-1999 09:54 |
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Every array has an "internal pointer". When you create an array,
the internal pointer is automatically set to point at the first member.
You can print the current location of the pointer:
$bob=
current($myarrayname);
echo "$bob";
You can advance
the pointer to the next spot using next($myarrayname).
To see a
particular member of an array, set a $variable= $myarrayname[2] where
"2" is the number of the member you want to use.
When
assigning members to an array, the members are numbered beginning with 0,
rather than 1.
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php-manual at improbable dot org
02-Apr-2000 10:17 |
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If you want to create an array of a set size and you have PHP4, use
array_pad(array(), $SIZE, $INITIAL_VALUE); This can be handy if you wish
to initialize a bunch of variables at once:
list($Var1, $Var2,
etc) = array_pad(array(), $NUMBER_OF_VARS, $INITIAL_VALUE);
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innuedo at dot dot dot
25-Jul-2000 09:09 |
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To determine the size of an array without using a while loop, use sizeof().
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rubein at earthlink dot net
26-Sep-2000 06:07 |
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Multidimensional arrays are actually single-dimensional arrays nested
inside other single-dimensional arrays.
$array[0] refers to
element 0 of $array
$array[0][2] refers to element 2 of element 0 of
$array.
If an array was initialized like this:
$array[0]
= "foo";
$array[1][0] = "bar";
$array[1][1] =
"baz";
$array[1][2] =
"bam";
then:
is_array($array) =
TRUE
is_array($array[0]) = FALSE
is_array($array[1]) =
TRUE
count($array) = 2 (elements 0 and 1)
count($array[1] = 3
(elements 0 thru 2)
This can be really useful if you want to
return a list of arrays that were stored in a file or
something:
$array[0] = unserialize($somedata);
$array[1] =
unserialize($someotherdata);
if $somedata["foo"] = 42
before it was serialized previously, you'd now have
this:
$array[0]["foo"] = 42
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jasonr at argia dot net
28-Nov-2000 12:01 |
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Arrays are never removed from memory, however there is an internal pointer
that always points to the "next" array item. After you interate
through an array, this will need to be reset back to the first element if
you want to access it in a loop again.
see the Reset function
at
http://www.php.net/manual/function.reset.php
if you are confused.
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atrox at screaming-penguin dot com
11-Feb-2001 04:40 |
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actually it is quite easy to directly reference a value in an array
relatively.
you simply must reset and sort the array first (see reset
and sort)
also note that when using dynamically assigned arrays
that potentially may have only one element, sort does not re-index the
array from zero, so in each case where an array could potentially only
have one element you must count the array, if it has one element then
re-assign it with an index of zero (to ensure that it is zero after it is
processed) if it has more than one element then sort will do the work for
you: example:
reset($array);
sort($array);
$count =
count($array);
if ($count == 1)
{
$value =
current($array);
$array = array ("0" =>
"$value");
}
in this manner the array is reset
and sorted FIRST and then counted, if the count is 1, then it is rebuilt
with an index of 0 (note that sort re-indexes beggining with 0 if the
array has multiple elements)
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slicky at newshelix dot com
20-Mar-2001 08:57 |
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Notice that you can also add arrays to other arrays with the $array[]
"operator" while the dimension doesn't matter.
Here's
an example:
$x[w][x] = $y[y][z];
this will give you a 4dimensional
assosiative array.
$x[][] = $y[][];
this will give you a
4dimensional non assosiative array.
So let me come to the point.
This get interessting for shortening things up. For
instance:
foreach ($lines as $line){
if(!trim($line))
continue;
$tds[] = explode("$delimiter",$line);
}
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xftp at yahoo dot com
22-May-2001 03:18 |
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This is a small script that shows how to use an array of a
Class.
<?
class test{
var $test1;
var
$test2;
}
$a = array();
$a[] = new test;
$a[0]->$test1 = 1;
$a[0]->$test2 =
1;
$a[1]->$test1 = 2;
$a[1]->$test2 = 2;
$x = $a[0]->$test1;
$y = $a[0]->$test2;
echo
"$x - $y";
?>
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joshua dot e at usa dot net
24-May-2001 06:12 |
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Here's a cool tip for working with associative arrays-
Here's what I
was trying to accomplish:
I wanted to hit a DB, and load the
results into an associative array, since I only had key/value pairs
returned. I loaded them into an array, because I wanted to manipulate the
data further after the DB select, but I didn't want to hit the DB more
than necessary.
Here's how I did it:
//assume db
connectivity
//load it all into the associative array
$sql =
"SELECT key,value FROM table";
$result =
mysql_query($sql);
while($row = mysql_fetch_row($result))
{
$myArray[$row[0]] = $row[1];
}
//now we expand
it
while(list($key,$value) = each($myArray)) {
echo "$key :
$value";
}
I found this to be super efficient, and
extremely cool.
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deepak_pradhan at yahoo dot com
16-Sep-2001 12:16 |
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I have seen that most of the time we get confused with Mult-Dimensional
arrays.
I found print_r to be very helpful here.
Say the
defined array is:
$a =
array(1,2,array("A","B"));
print_r
($a);
Should give result like this:
Array ( [0] => 1 [1] =>
2 [2] => Array ( [0] => A [1] => B ) )
We can see here
that:
$a is an array, $a[0]=1, $a[1]=2 and $a[2]=array it self with
two elements.
thx
dp
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tobiasquinteiro at ig dot com dot br
29-Jan-2002 07:25 |
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<?
// This is a small script that shows how to use an
multiple array
for($x = 0;$x < 10;$x++){
for($y = 0;$y < 10;$y++){
$mat[$x][$y] =
"$x,$y";
}
}
for($x
= 0;$x < count($mat);$x++){
for($y = 0;$y <
count($mat[$x]);$y++){
echo
"mat[$x][$y]: " .
$mat[$x][$y] . " ";
}
echo
"\n";
}
?>
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jjm152 at hotmail dot com
11-Mar-2002 01:22 |
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The easiest way to "list" the values of either a normal 1 list
array or a multi dimensional array is to use a foreach()
clause.
Example for 1 dim array:
$arr = array( 1, 2, 3,
4, 5 );
foreach ( $arr as $val ) {
echo "Value:
$Val\n";
}
For multi dim array:
$arr = array(
1 => 'one', 2 => 'two', 3 => 'three', 4 => 'four, 5 =>
'five');
foreach ( $arr as $key => $value ) {
echo
"Key: $key, Value: $value\n";
}
This is quite
possibly the easiest way i've found to iterate through an array.
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TheCoder at 163 dot com
12-Apr-2002 04:56 |
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It looks like array() does not support double byte chars,I am in china,I
can't use this code:
$test = array('Chinese word here' = >
'1','Another chinese word'=>'2');
if I use chinese word in array
,there are errors.
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jay at ezlasvegas dot net
20-Apr-2002 11:21 |
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If you want to create an array of a set size and you have PHP4,
use
array_pad(array(), $SIZE, $INITIAL_VALUE); This can be handy if you
wish
to initialize a bunch of variables at once:
list($Var1,
$Var2, etc) = array_pad(array(),
$NUMBER_OF_VARS,
$INITIAL_VALUE);
Jay Walker
Las Vegas Hotel
Associate
http://www.ezlasvegas.net
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bjarte_at_gandtech_dot_com
14-May-2002 11:49 |
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I got tired of trying to find a function to add a entry to the
"top"/index 0 to a array the i made a function for
it.
function fc_array_add_first($in_array, $in_value) {
$f_arout = array();
$f_arout[] = $in_value;
foreach ($in_array
as $key => $value) {
$f_arout[] = $value;
}
return
$f_arout;
}
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Markus dot Elfring at web dot de
30-May-2002 10:04 |
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It seems to me that the use of brackets with multidimensional arrays is not
described here.
But the following examples work:
$value =
$point['x']['y'];
$message[1][2][3] = 'Greetings';
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powerpnt at yucom dot DONT_SPAM dot be
09-Jun-2002 11:35 |
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There's a little mistake in the class-example of xftp@yahoo.com.
In
php you only use 1 dollar sign for a variable, this
means
$a[0]->$test1 = 1;
should be:
$a[0]->test1 =
1;
Same thing for every other of the class variables references.
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Pongo
20-Jun-2002 06:49 |
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Be careful when you try to access an instance array variable inside of
double quotes (a common Perl practice). Several hours of debugging led me
to conclude that this:
echo( "The value:
$this->someArray[1]" )
simply will not work. Make sure the
array reference is outside the quotes!
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john
18-Jul-2002 05:35 |
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here's a nice short/lazy way to create an array:
function
ar($combos) {
$choices = explode("|", $combos);
foreach ($choices as $choice) {
list($short, $long) =
explode(":", $choice);
$john[$short] = $long;
}
return $john;
}
$genders =
ar("M:Male|F:Female");
// $genders['M'] = 'Male';
//
$genders['F'] = 'Female';
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John
18-Jul-2002 06:48 |
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Be careful not to create an array on top of an already existing
variable:
$name = "John";
$name['last'] =
"Doe";
$name becomes "Dohn" since 'last'
evaluates to the 0th position of $name.
Same is true for multi-arrays.
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cteubnerNOSPAM at NOSPAMncw-av dot com
29-Jul-2002 10:22 |
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The function listed above for adding to the beginning of an array is
thorougly unnecessary; use array_unshift() instead, which I guarantee is
faster since PHP arrays aren't really arrays but instead are linked lists.
This means that the thing that's unshifted needs only have its
pointer set to point at the beginning of the array, and the array's
pointer set to point at the new element. The example function above
recopies every element in the array, which you need only do if you're
working with contiguous storage, something PHP doesn't offer.
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bastiaens at skynet dot be
22-Aug-2002 03:08 |
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In reply to Pongo (20-Jun-2002), his comment also applies to
more-dimentional arrays:
Something like print
"$blah[1][2]"; won't work, but $blih=$blah[1][2]; print
"$blih"; works fine.
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wojprzy at enternet dot pl
07-Sep-2002 09:30 |
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In reply to bastiaens@skynet.be (22-Aug 2002). Instead of:
<?
echo "Blam blam $blah[0][1]" ; ?>
try:
<?
echo "Blam blam {$blah[0][1]}"; ?>
Works ok :).
Regards, Wojtek
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mads at __nospam__westermann dot dk
23-Oct-2002 02:39 |
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In PHP 4.2.3 (and maybe earlier versions) arrays with numeric indexes may
be initialized to start at a specific index and then automatically
increment the index. This will save you having to write the index in front
of every element for arrays that are not zero-based.
The
code:
$a = array
(
21 =>
1,
2,
3,
);
print
'<pre>';
print_r($a);
print '</pre>';
will
print:
Array
(
[21] => 1
[22] => 2
[23] => 3
)
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MadLogic at Paradise dot net dot nz
31-Oct-2002 09:39 |
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Heres a simple yet intelligent way of setting an array, grabbing the values
from the array using a loop.
$ary =
array("1"=>'One','Two',"3"=>'Three');
$a =
'0'; $b = count($ary);
while ($a <= $b) {
$pr = $ary[$a];
print "$pr
";
$a++;
}
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mads at __nospam__westermann dot dk
22-Nov-2002 05:12 |
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You cannot do:
print
array('zero','one´','two','tree')[1];
This will yeild a parse
error.
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grubby_d at yahoo dot com
06-Dec-2002 05:58 |
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About NULL as an array index.
An interesting thing with arrays is
that you can use NULL as an index. I am trying it out with drop down list
which will be used to update a database. Its not that good of an idea but
it made me find the solution. For the database example you want to use the
index "NULL" with quotes.
Say you have table person which
has a foreign key reference to companies. BUT you want to allow the user
to not specify a company as well. So you have determined that the database
reference allows NULLs.
So you make a SELECT control with the
lookup values as:
<OPTION
value=(comp_id)>comp_name</OPTION>
using a while loop to
print out the values.
Then you want the option to select NONE of
the options. If you use something like -1 or 0 to represent this
"blank" option you have to handle that in your php. Instead add
this to your array: myarray("NULL") = "-none-" and you
will get a field like this:
<OPTION
value=NULL>-none-</OPTION>
Now every value from your
SELECT control will be valid for the database and wont cause a foreign key
references violation. it doesnt guarantee the data is coming from your
trusty SELECT box so you still may want to check anyway.
Some
interesting things about using the real NULL value as an array
index:
$myarray = array(1, 2, 3);
echo count($myarray) .
"
"; // 3
$myarray[NULL] = "the null
value";
echo count($myarray) . "
"; // 4
if
(array_key_exists(NULL, $myarray)
{ echo "this code will never be
reached";}
This will return FALSE and will generate this
warning:
Warning: Wrong datatype for first argument in call to
array_key_exists
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Manuel PHP
Tableaux
array_change_key_case
array
array_walk