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Persistent Catheter-Related Bacteremia: Clearance With Antibiotics and Urokinase
Central venous catheters (CVCs) are commonly used for prolonged venous access in many disease processes. Catheter-related bacteremia is a frequent complication of central venous catheters. If catheter-related bacteremia is persistent on appropriate antibiotics, current recommendations are to remove the line.














Long-Term Central Venous Catheters: Issues for Care
Infection is a well-recognized complication of all types of catheters. Infections are potentially life-threatening, particularly in patients with neutrophil counts of <500 cells/mm, in those with rapidly declining neutropenia, or those with protracted neutropenia.
Consequences of Intravascular Catheter Sepsis
Arnow PM, Quimosing EM, Beach M

Infections Caused by Central Venous Catheters in Patients With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
John G. Prichard, MD, MHS, M Jane Nelson, RN, BSN, Lance Burns, MD, Haley Jo Kaplowitz, PhD, Brenda L. Caillouet, RN, BSN, and Mary A. Sanchez, RN, BSN, Houston, TX